Pain Pathways

Pain is an experience normally associated with damage or threatened damage to the tissues of the body.

Its physiology involves two processes:
a) a peripheral process concerned with the detection and transmission of information concerning tissue damage;
b) a central process governing the cerebral response to this information.

Most forms of organic pain arise as a result noxious stimuli to visceral or somatic tissues of the body and can be classified as visceral or somatic pain.

In such conditions nociception involves 4 phases:
a) transduction or the detection of noxious stimuli
b) transmission by the peripheral nervous system
c) transmission in the central nervous system
d) modulation by the central nervous system

Pain may also arise as a result of nerve injury or disease. Neurogenic pain does not involve the transduction of a normal noxious stimulus, but nonetheless involves transmission and modulation just the same as visceral or somatic pain do.

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